What Is Cryptojacking: How To protect Your Device

Meaning of Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking occurs when cybercriminals take over the processing power of a device to mine cryptocurrencies. This is typically done using malware or scripts that execute in the background while the victim is unaware. In some cases, cryptojacking can also occur through web-based mining, where a website runs mining scripts on visitors’ devices.

Key Points:

Malicious Mining: The main goal is to secretly use a victim’s device to mine cryptocurrency, which requires significant computing power.
Invisible to the User: Often, cryptojacking goes unnoticed because it doesn’t always disrupt the normal function of the device.
Exploiting Resources: Devices affected by cryptojacking experience a decrease in performance, overheating, and reduced battery life.

The Goals of Cryptojacking

The primary goal of cryptojacking is to generate profit for the cybercriminals by mining cryptocurrency without having to invest in expensive hardware or energy costs. Here are the main objectives behind this illicit activity:

1. Generate Profit Through Mining

Cryptojackers aim to mine digital currencies using the victim’s computing resources. Since mining requires substantial processing power, hijacking multiple devices allows criminals to accumulate large amounts of cryptocurrency over time without spending on mining equipment.

2. Avoiding the Costs of Mining Hardware

Building and maintaining mining rigs can be costly, especially with the increasing energy consumption required for mining operations. By utilizing other people’s devices, cryptojackers bypass these expenses and can mine more profitably.

3. Stealthy Operations

Cryptojacking is often a more covert way of generating cryptocurrency than more obvious forms of cybercrime. Since it typically runs in the background, many users aren’t aware they are being exploited, allowing the attacker to profit from the hijacked devices over long periods without detection.

4. Resource Exploitation

Cybercriminals may hijack large numbers of devices, such as those in businesses or public networks, to maximize their mining capacity. By leveraging the collective processing power of many devices, they can scale up their mining operation without the need for physical infrastructure.

How Does Cryptojacking Work?

Cryptojacking operates through the malicious use of computing power from unsuspecting victims to mine cryptocurrency. The process can take place through various techniques, but the goal remains the same: hijack a device’s processing power to mine digital currencies for the attacker’s benefit. Here’s how cryptojacking typically works:

The Process of Cryptomining in Cryptojacking

Infiltration of the Target Device
Cryptojacking begins with an attacker gaining unauthorized access to a victim’s device. This can happen in several ways:
- Malicious Software (Malware): The most common method is through malware that gets installed on a device. This malware runs in the background and uses the device’s resources for mining.
- JavaScript-based Mining: Sometimes cryptojackers use JavaScript code embedded in websites. When a user visits an infected site, the script automatically runs in the browser, using the computer’s processing power for mining without the user’s knowledge.
Mining Process Activation
Once the device is compromised, the cryptojacker installs mining software or code on the victim’s device. This software begins to mine cryptocurrency by solving complex mathematical problems, which is the process known as “mining.”
- For example, it might use the device’s CPU or GPU to run calculations necessary for validating transactions and adding blocks to the blockchain, thereby earning cryptocurrency as a reward.
Stealth Operation
The cryptojacking software often works silently in the background, using the victim’s device power without drawing attention. Since mining is resource-intensive, it can cause noticeable slowdowns or overheating, but many users fail to notice these signs until it’s too late.
Cryptocurrency Mining and Reward Collection
The mining process continues until the attacker decides to stop it. The cryptocurrency mined is sent directly to the attacker’s wallet, without the victim’s consent or knowledge. The entire mining process is designed to generate profits for the attacker, while the victim experiences decreased device performance or battery life.

Techniques Used by Cryptojackers

Cryptojackers use various techniques to carry out their operations and ensure that their mining activities remain undetected. Some of the most common methods include:

1. Malware-Infected Downloads

Trojan Horses and Ransomware: Cybercriminals often disguise mining software as seemingly harmless downloads (e.g., software updates, game files, or pirated software). Once downloaded and executed, the malicious software runs the mining code.
Drive-by Downloads: These are automatic downloads triggered when a user visits an infected website. The malicious code is silently executed, installing mining software on the victim’s device.

2. JavaScript-Based Mining (Browser Mining)

Cryptojackers can inject JavaScript code into websites, which automatically runs on visitors’ browsers, utilizing their CPU or GPU to mine cryptocurrencies. This technique doesn’t require users to download anything—it’s activated simply by visiting a compromised website.
Popular examples include the Coinhive script (before it was shut down), which was widely used to mine Monero (XMR) through website visitors’ browsers.

3. Exploiting Weaknesses in IoT Devices

Internet of Things (IoT) Devices: Cryptojackers can target IoT devices like smart thermostats, routers, or even security cameras. These devices often have weak security and can be hijacked to mine cryptocurrencies without detection.
Once a device is compromised, it becomes part of a botnet, and its processing power is used for mining without the owner’s knowledge.

4. Cryptojacking Through Ad Networks

Attackers can use advertising networks to spread cryptojacking scripts. These ads appear on websites, and when users click on or interact with the ads, the embedded mining scripts run in the background on their devices.

5. Targeting Public Wi-Fi Networks

Cryptojackers sometimes target public Wi-Fi networks where many users connect their devices. By exploiting the weak security on these networks, attackers can inject mining scripts into devices that connect to the network, potentially compromising dozens or hundreds of devices at once.

6. Exploiting Vulnerabilities in Software

Cybercriminals may exploit known vulnerabilities in operating systems, browsers, or plugins to install cryptojacking malware. For instance, if a user is running outdated software with unpatched security holes, an attacker can use these flaws to inject mining scripts without the user’s knowledge.

Common Cryptojacking Techniques

Cryptojacking has become increasingly sophisticated, with cybercriminals using various methods to infiltrate devices and networks. While the core principle of cryptojacking remains the same—illegally using a victim’s device to mine cryptocurrency—there are several common techniques that attackers employ to carry out their operations. These methods range from exploiting cloud infrastructure to using malware-infected files and running mining scripts directly in web browsers.

1. Cloud Cryptojacking: Exploiting Cloud Infrastructure

Cloud cryptojacking involves cybercriminals taking advantage of cloud services and infrastructure to mine cryptocurrency without the owner’s permission. Cloud-based platforms like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud are attractive targets because they offer powerful computing resources, which are typically rented by businesses or individuals.

How Cloud Cryptojacking Works:

Unauthorized Access: Attackers gain access to a cloud server, often through weak security measures or poorly configured settings, such as default passwords or vulnerabilities in the cloud infrastructure.
Mining Software Deployment: Once inside the cloud server, cryptojackers install mining software or scripts that utilize the server’s resources (e.g., CPU, GPU, and memory) to mine cryptocurrency, often for long periods without detection.
Cost Implications: Since cloud services charge users based on resource usage (like CPU power and storage), cryptojackers exploit these resources to mine crypto, resulting in a financial burden for the cloud service owner, who faces unexpected high usage charges.

Why It’s a Growing Concern:

Scalability: Cloud environments provide attackers with massive computing power at relatively low costs, which allows them to scale their operations quickly without the need for physical hardware.
Difficulty Detecting: Cloud cryptojacking can be hard to detect because the mining software is often well-hidden in legitimate cloud infrastructure, and resource usage may be masked as normal operations.

2. File-Based Cryptojacking: Malware-Infected Files

File-based cryptojacking is a common method where cybercriminals deliver malware to a target device via malicious files or downloads. These files typically masquerade as harmless or legitimate files but, once executed, deploy mining software to hijack the system’s processing power.

How File-Based Cryptojacking Works:

Malicious Downloads: Attackers distribute mining malware via infected files, which can be bundled into seemingly innocuous files like email attachments, pirated software, or fake software updates.
Infiltration and Installation: Once the victim downloads and opens the infected file, the malware is executed, and the cryptojacking software installs itself on the device. This can happen through phishing emails, fraudulent websites, or infected software updates.
Mining in the Background: After installation, the mining software runs quietly in the background, using the device’s CPU, GPU, or both, to mine cryptocurrency while the victim is unaware.

Why It’s Dangerous:

Wide Distribution: File-based attacks are often spread through phishing emails or torrents, making them difficult to avoid. Even trusted websites or email senders can become compromised and inadvertently distribute these files.
Silent Operation: Cryptojacking malware is designed to run stealthily, causing minimal disruption to the victim’s device while using its power to mine. This makes it harder to detect.

3. Browser-Based Cryptojacking: Mining Scripts on Websites

Browser-based cryptojacking takes advantage of users’ web browsing activities to hijack their computing resources. This method involves embedding cryptocurrency mining scripts into websites. When a user visits an infected site, the script runs automatically, using the visitor’s browser and processing power to mine cryptocurrency, often without their knowledge.

How Browser-Based Cryptojacking Works:

Malicious Code in Web Ads or Pages: Attackers inject JavaScript-based mining scripts into a website’s code. These scripts can be hidden within online advertisements, embedded in third-party widgets, or placed directly into a website’s source code.
Automated Mining: When a user visits the website or interacts with the advertisement, the mining script activates and begins using the user’s device to mine cryptocurrencies like Monero (XMR), which is favored for its efficiency in browser mining.
Resource Drain: Although browser-based mining doesn’t require downloads, it uses a significant amount of CPU or GPU power, slowing down the user’s device, draining battery life, and increasing energy consumption.

Why It’s Popular Among Attackers:

No Installation Required: This technique is particularly stealthy because it doesn’t require users to download any files or install software. Simply visiting a compromised website is enough to trigger the mining process.
High Reach: Many websites rely on third-party ad networks, which increases the risk of cryptojacking scripts being embedded in ads shown to unsuspecting visitors. Attackers can target a large number of users by compromising high-traffic websites.

Signs You Might Be a Victim of Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking can be a sneaky form of cybercrime, running in the background and consuming a device’s resources without the user’s knowledge. Fortunately, there are some clear signs that could indicate your device or system has been hijacked by cryptojackers. Recognizing these signs early can help you take action to remove the malicious software and prevent further damage. Here are the most common signs you might be a victim of cryptojacking:

1. Decreased Device or Server Performance

One of the most noticeable signs of cryptojacking is a sudden drop in the performance of your device or server. Since cryptojackers use your device’s processing power to mine cryptocurrency, it puts a heavy load on your system’s CPU and GPU, often leading to:

Slower Processing Speed: Tasks that used to be quick and efficient might now take longer to complete.
Delayed Responses: Apps, games, or even browsing may experience significant delays as the mining software consumes the resources.
Slow Boot Times: Your system may take longer than usual to start up, as mining software often runs automatically when you boot your device.

If you notice that your device has become sluggish or unresponsive all of a sudden, it could be a sign that mining software is running in the background without your consent.

2. Overheating Devices and Rapid Battery Drain

Cryptojacking places a significant load on your device’s processor, causing it to work harder than usual. This can result in:

Overheating: Your device may become unusually hot, as the CPU and GPU are pushed to their limits by the mining process.
Battery Drain: If you’re using a laptop, tablet, or smartphone, you may notice that your battery drains much faster than usual, even with minimal usage. This is because mining is a power-intensive process.

Overheating not only reduces the longevity of your device but also increases the risk of hardware damage, making it critical to address the issue quickly if you notice these signs.

3. Increased Electricity Bills

Since cryptojacking uses your device’s processing power around the clock, it can cause a significant increase in energy consumption. If you’re mining on a larger scale, such as with cloud services or compromised servers, the increase in electricity usage can be quite substantial.

High Energy Costs: If you’ve noticed a sudden spike in your electricity bills without a clear explanation, it could be due to cryptojacking activity, especially if your devices or cloud services have been hijacked for mining.
Server and Data Center Costs: For businesses or individuals who host services or run multiple servers, cryptojacking can lead to unexpectedly high utility costs, as the increased resource usage directly correlates with higher electricity consumption.

If your electricity costs have risen without a corresponding increase in legitimate device or server usage, it’s worth investigating potential cryptojacking.

4. System Lags and Crashes

The resource-intensive nature of cryptojacking often leads to system instability, including frequent lags and crashes. Since mining software uses significant portions of your device’s memory and processing power, it can cause:

System Freezes or Lags: The device may freeze for several seconds at a time, or programs might become unresponsive, as the system struggles to balance normal tasks with the additional load from mining.
Frequent Crashes: Applications or the operating system itself may crash unexpectedly, especially when the mining software competes for resources with your normal applications.

Cryptojacking software, running undetected, consumes the device’s resources excessively, causing delays and even system failures, which makes it crucial to address performance issues as soon as they arise.

How to Detect Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking operates quietly in the background, which makes it challenging to detect. However, there are several methods you can use to identify whether your device or network has fallen victim to this form of cybercrime. By staying vigilant and regularly monitoring your device’s performance, you can spot the signs early and take action to remove the malicious software before it causes significant damage. Here’s how to detect cryptojacking:

1. Identifying Unusual CPU and GPU Usage

Since cryptojacking relies heavily on your device’s processing power, it often results in unusually high CPU or GPU usage. Keeping an eye on your system’s resource consumption is one of the most effective ways to spot cryptojacking.

How to Monitor CPU and GPU Usage:

Windows: Open the Task Manager (Ctrl + Shift + Esc) and check the “Performance” tab to see the CPU and GPU usage. If you notice consistently high usage, even when you’re not running any resource-heavy applications, this could be a sign of cryptojacking.
Mac: Use the “Activity Monitor” application to check your system’s resource usage. Look at the “CPU” and “Energy” tabs for unusually high consumption.
Linux: You can use system monitoring tools like top or htop in the terminal to track resource usage.

Signs of Cryptojacking:

Constant High CPU Usage: If your CPU usage remains high, often above 70-80%, even when you are not running demanding applications, it may indicate that cryptojacking software is running in the background.
GPU Strain: If you’re experiencing high GPU usage without running graphics-intensive applications (like video games or video editing software), cryptojacking scripts may be using your GPU to mine cryptocurrency.

2. Monitoring Unexpected Device Behavior

Cryptojacking often leads to noticeable slowdowns or erratic behavior in your device’s performance. This is due to the mining software consuming large amounts of resources, which can disrupt your usual experience.

Signs of Unusual Device Behavior:

Slower Performance: Applications and websites may load more slowly, or your system might feel generally sluggish. Tasks that used to be completed quickly now take longer than usual.
Overheating: If your device gets unusually hot, it could be because the mining process is overworking the CPU or GPU. Overheating can cause your system to slow down further, and in severe cases, it could damage internal components.
Battery Drain: For laptops, smartphones, and tablets, you may notice rapid battery depletion, even if you’re not using any power-hungry apps or games. The mining process requires constant energy, which can cause your battery to drain much faster than normal.
Unexplained System Lags or Crashes: The excessive use of system resources can result in frequent lags or application crashes. If you experience system instability or applications freezing more than usual, cryptojacking might be the cause.

3. Checking for Suspicious Browser Extensions

Another common way cryptojackers infiltrate devices is by embedding mining scripts into browser extensions or directly in web pages. These scripts run silently in the background whenever you visit an infected site, using your browser’s processing power to mine cryptocurrency.

How to Check for Suspicious Browser Extensions:

Google Chrome: Go to the “Extensions” menu by clicking the three-dot menu at the top right, then selecting “More tools” > “Extensions.” Review the installed extensions and remove any that you don’t recognize or remember installing.
Firefox: Click the three-line menu in the top right corner, then select “Add-ons” > “Extensions.” Check for unfamiliar or suspicious extensions.
Microsoft Edge: Go to the “Extensions” menu by clicking on the three dots in the top right corner, and then review your installed extensions.

Signs of Malicious Extensions:

Unrecognized Extensions: Cryptojacking scripts can often hide within browser extensions. If you see any extensions you don’t remember installing or that look suspicious, they may be involved in cryptojacking.
Performance Issues After Installing an Extension: If your device starts showing signs of slow performance or high resource usage immediately after installing a particular browser extension, consider disabling or removing it.

Some cryptojackers also use browser-based mining scripts, which don’t require extensions. In this case, you might notice a sudden performance drop when visiting certain websites known for serving ads or crypto-mining scripts.

Real-World Cryptojacking Examples

Cryptojacking attacks have become a growing concern for both individuals and organizations, with several high-profile incidents making headlines over the years. These attacks often go unnoticed for long periods, as the mining software runs quietly in the background, stealing valuable resources without the victim’s knowledge. Here are a few notable cryptojacking incidents that have shaped the landscape of cybersecurity and provided valuable lessons on how to mitigate such attacks:

1. The 2017 Coinhive Incident: One of the Largest Cryptojacking Attacks

In 2017, the mining script Coinhive, which was designed to mine the cryptocurrency Monero, became one of the most widely used tools for cryptojacking. Hackers embedded Coinhive’s script into thousands of websites and web applications, using visitors’ computing resources to mine cryptocurrency without their consent.

Key Facts:

Coinhive’s Spread: The script was inserted into websites, including high-traffic platforms, where it would mine Monero whenever users visited. In some cases, the mining script was embedded in online ads and could be triggered simply by visiting a page.
Widespread Impact: It is estimated that Coinhive was responsible for hijacking the resources of millions of unsuspecting users, generating millions of dollars in Monero for the attackers. Popular websites, including news outlets and adult sites, unknowingly hosted the script, affecting their visitors’ devices.
Legal and Ethical Backlash: Many websites that used Coinhive without users’ knowledge faced serious legal and ethical questions. Eventually, Coinhive shut down its operations in 2019, but by then, it had already caused significant damage.

Lessons Learned:

Beware of Unseen Threats: Cryptojacking can often go unnoticed for months, meaning websites and even well-known platforms can be unknowingly compromised, affecting a large number of users.
Importance of Ad Network Security: Ad networks are a common vector for cryptojacking. Websites must vet their advertising partners and ensure that they’re not serving malicious ads or scripts.
Transparency with Users: Websites and services that engage in any form of mining should be transparent and obtain consent from users before utilizing their devices for mining operations.

2. Tesla’s 2018 Cryptojacking Attack

In 2018, electric car manufacturer Tesla experienced a cryptojacking attack that compromised its internal systems. Hackers took advantage of an unsecured Kubernetes console, which Tesla was using to manage its cloud infrastructure, to deploy cryptojacking software and mine cryptocurrency on the company’s servers.

Key Facts:

Attack Vector: The attackers found an exposed, misconfigured Kubernetes console and used it to install mining software on Tesla’s cloud infrastructure, allowing them to mine cryptocurrency on the company’s servers.
Detection: Tesla’s security team discovered the attack after noticing unusual activity and spikes in cloud usage. The company quickly removed the cryptojacking software, preventing further damage.
Financial Impact: While the total monetary damage from the attack wasn’t disclosed, the cost of the unauthorized cloud resource consumption would have been significant for a large organization like Tesla.

Lessons Learned:

Cloud Infrastructure Needs Strong Security: Organizations using cloud services must secure all entry points, including management consoles, APIs, and internal systems. Misconfigurations and weak security settings, especially in cloud-based tools like Kubernetes, can leave systems open to exploitation.
Monitoring Resource Consumption is Key: Regularly monitoring cloud resource usage can help organizations detect abnormal activity, such as sudden spikes in resource consumption caused by cryptojacking.
Importance of Automated Security Checks: Implementing automated security checks for cloud services can help detect vulnerabilities before they’re exploited by attackers.

3. The 2020 Australian Government Health and Medical Research Cryptojacking Attack

In 2020, Australian health and medical research organizations, including the Australian National University, were targeted by a cryptojacking attack. Hackers infiltrated the organizations’ systems to mine cryptocurrency, taking advantage of their significant computing power.

Key Facts:

Attack on Sensitive Institutions: The attackers targeted sensitive research institutions that held valuable computing resources, such as medical and research data. This was an attack on high-performance computing infrastructure, which can be very expensive to run and maintain.
Long-Term Impact: The attack continued for an extended period before being detected, indicating that cryptojacking can remain undetected on high-profile systems even when high-tech monitoring is in place.
Financial and Reputational Damage: While the direct monetary loss from cryptojacking was not fully quantified, the attack caused significant reputational damage to the affected institutions, as they had to publicly disclose the incident.

Lessons Learned:

Targeting Valuable Computing Power: Cryptojackers often target organizations with significant computational resources (e.g., research institutions, cloud services, or large enterprises). Protecting such systems is crucial to avoid exploitation.
Focus on High-Value Targets: Organizations in critical sectors must ensure they apply the same level of security to their high-performance computing systems as they would to more sensitive information systems like financial data or intellectual property.
Use Multi-Layered Security: Robust network monitoring, regular security audits, and multi-layered defense strategies can help prevent such targeted cryptojacking attacks.

4. The 2021 Reddit Cryptojacking Attack via Third-Party Ad Network

In 2021, Reddit fell victim to a cryptojacking attack that was facilitated through a third-party ad network. The attack used a hidden mining script embedded in an advertisement displayed on the Reddit platform, which ran on users’ browsers when they clicked on the infected ad.

Key Facts:

Third-Party Ad Network Breach: A malicious script was placed in ads served by a compromised third-party ad network, and Reddit users unwittingly mined cryptocurrency simply by interacting with the ads.
Detection and Response: Reddit quickly detected the unusual behavior and took down the infected ads, preventing further mining. However, the attack raised concerns about the security of ad networks and the potential risks of relying on third-party advertising providers.
Impact: The attack didn’t result in significant financial loss for Reddit users, but it did highlight how ad networks can be a weak link in a platform’s security.

Lessons Learned:

Scrutinize Third-Party Partners: Companies must thoroughly vet third-party ad networks, as malicious scripts can easily be introduced without the platform’s knowledge.
Monitor Ads for Suspicious Activity: Regular checks for unusual activities, such as unexpected CPU usage or slowdowns when interacting with ads, can help detect cryptojacking attacks caused by malicious scripts.
User Awareness: Platforms should warn users about the potential risks of cryptojacking through ads and encourage them to report suspicious behavior.

Conclusion

Real-world cryptojacking incidents highlight how this cybercrime tactic can target everything from individual users to large-scale enterprises and public institutions. These attacks often exploit vulnerabilities in cloud infrastructure, misconfigured servers, and third-party ad networks, making it clear that no system is entirely immune. Key lessons from these incidents include the importance of securing cloud services, monitoring resource usage regularly, and maintaining strong security practices across third-party integrations. By learning from past attacks and implementing proactive security measures, individuals and organizations can better protect themselves from falling victim to cryptojacking in the future.

Why is Cryptojacking a Concern?

Cryptojacking may seem like a relatively small issue at first glance, but its potential impact can be significant for both individuals and businesses. The primary concern lies in the way cryptojacking silently hijacks computing resources, draining power, slowing down systems, and increasing operational costs, often without the victim’s knowledge. Let’s explore the security risks associated with cryptojacking and how it affects both personal and business environments.

1. Security Risks Associated with Cryptojacking

While cryptojacking is often seen as less destructive than some other types of cyberattacks, it can still pose serious risks to system security and data integrity. The malicious nature of cryptojacking and its stealthy operation make it a formidable threat in the cybersecurity landscape.

a. Exploitation of Vulnerabilities

Cryptojackers often exploit weaknesses in security systems to gain unauthorized access to devices or networks. Whether it’s an unpatched security hole in a web browser, an insecure cloud server, or a misconfigured Kubernetes cluster, cryptojackers are adept at finding and exploiting these vulnerabilities to deploy mining scripts.

Cloud and Network Exploits: Attackers may target large-scale networks, cloud services, or servers, using misconfigured APIs and services to gain control and run mining operations.
Exploiting Browser Flaws: Web-based cryptojacking attacks can be triggered through compromised ads or browser extensions, affecting anyone who visits an infected website, potentially leading to widespread exploitation.

b. Malware and Other Payloads

While cryptojacking itself doesn’t typically steal data or cause direct damage to files, the mining software it installs is often bundled with other forms of malware. This can include keyloggers, ransomware, or spyware, all of which pose significant security threats.

Backdoor Access: Some cryptojacking software leaves a backdoor open for further malicious activities, including the installation of additional malware, giving hackers more control over compromised systems.
System Instability: As mining software strains resources, it can cause systems to slow down or crash, potentially leading to data corruption, system failures, or even data loss if not promptly detected.

2. Impact on Businesses and Individuals

Cryptojacking is not just a minor inconvenience—it can have profound effects on both individuals and businesses, affecting everything from device performance to financial health. Here’s how:

a. Impact on Businesses

Businesses, especially those that rely on cloud infrastructure, high-performance computing, or even just a large number of employees using networked devices, are prime targets for cryptojacking.

Increased Operational Costs: Cryptojacking hijacks the resources of systems and cloud services, leading to higher electricity and energy bills. For businesses that operate on a large scale or run data centers, this can translate to unexpected financial losses. In the case of cloud computing, mining can lead to excessive usage fees, which can add up quickly, especially when miners hijack server-side resources.
Decreased System Performance: Cryptojacking strains system resources, which can result in slower performance across the entire company network. This can disrupt normal operations, hinder productivity, and cause employees to experience lag and delays, reducing overall efficiency.
Reputation Damage: If a company is compromised by cryptojacking, it can face reputational damage. This is especially true for organizations that hold sensitive information, such as financial data or medical research. A cryptojacking attack, particularly one involving the theft of resources on a larger scale, can erode trust among customers, partners, and clients.
Loss of Trust in Third-Party Services: Many businesses use third-party advertising or cloud services, and if these services are compromised with cryptojacking scripts, the business risks losing credibility. Customers might associate the company with malicious or insecure platforms, leading to a loss of trust and potential clients.

b. Impact on Individuals

Cryptojacking affects individual users in several ways, particularly when their personal devices are hijacked for mining operations.

Slower Device Performance: One of the most immediate impacts of cryptojacking is the noticeable degradation in device performance. Whether it’s a laptop, desktop, smartphone, or even a gaming console, users will experience slowdowns, frequent crashes, and delayed responses as the device’s resources are hijacked for cryptocurrency mining. This can be especially frustrating for individuals using personal devices for work or entertainment.
Increased Power Consumption: Mining cryptocurrency is an energy-intensive process. For individuals, this means increased electricity bills as their devices work overtime to mine without their knowledge. This can be particularly concerning for users with limited budgets or who rely on mobile devices, as it leads to rapid battery drain and the need for more frequent charging.
Security Vulnerabilities: When cryptojacking software is installed, it often creates new vulnerabilities in the system. Hackers may gain unauthorized access to personal files, data, or even sensitive information like login credentials, which can be used for identity theft or fraud.
Reduced Device Lifespan: Continuous, resource-intensive activities like mining can overheat devices and stress hardware components, ultimately shortening the lifespan of personal devices. Over time, this can lead to permanent damage to the device’s internal parts, requiring costly repairs or replacements.

3. Overall Economic and Environmental Impact

While not often discussed, cryptojacking also has broader economic and environmental consequences. Mining cryptocurrency requires vast amounts of energy, which exacerbates the environmental impact of an already resource-intensive activity.

Increased Energy Consumption: Cryptojacking, especially when targeting cloud services and data centers, adds to the global energy consumption associated with cryptocurrency mining. The more systems that are hijacked, the more energy is consumed, contributing to higher carbon emissions and a larger ecological footprint.
Strain on Global Networks: Large-scale cryptojacking attacks on cloud services can cause significant strain on global internet infrastructure. This can result in slower internet speeds for legitimate users, especially if attackers are using large-scale botnets for mining operations.

How to Prevent Cryptojacking

Preventing cryptojacking requires a combination of proactive security measures, education, and vigilance. Since cryptojacking often operates without the victim’s knowledge, staying informed and implementing protective strategies is crucial to reducing the risk. Here are some effective ways to prevent cryptojacking and safeguard your devices and networks:

1. Educating Users on Phishing and Suspicious Links

Phishing attacks and malicious links are common methods through which cryptojackers gain access to devices or networks. By educating users on how to recognize and avoid these threats, you can reduce the likelihood of falling victim to cryptojacking.

Key Actions:

Phishing Awareness: Educate users on the dangers of phishing emails or messages, which might contain links to websites hosting mining scripts. Teach users to be cautious when receiving unsolicited emails or messages, especially those asking for login credentials, downloading attachments, or clicking on unknown links.
Spotting Suspicious Links: Encourage users to carefully check URLs and hover over links before clicking. Legitimate websites typically have secure “https://” prefixes and a padlock symbol in the address bar. Suspicious or misspelled URLs are a sign of a potential phishing site.
Avoiding Unknown Websites: Advise users to avoid visiting unfamiliar websites or clicking on ads or pop-ups, as they may be sources of hidden mining scripts.

2. Using Cybersecurity Software and Anti-Malware Tools

Installing reputable cybersecurity software can provide robust protection against cryptojacking and other cyber threats. Anti-malware tools are specifically designed to detect and block malicious mining scripts before they can infiltrate your system.

Key Actions:

Install Comprehensive Antivirus Software: Choose antivirus software that offers real-time protection and can detect and block cryptojacking malware. Many antivirus programs now include specific protections for cryptocurrency mining and resource hijacking.
Run Regular System Scans: Schedule frequent scans to detect any malware or suspicious files that could be linked to cryptojacking. Even if a threat has been undetected initially, regular scans can help spot it before it becomes a more significant problem.
Enable Firewall Protection: A firewall acts as a barrier between your device and the internet, blocking unauthorized access to your system. Ensure your firewall is always turned on and properly configured to prevent malicious scripts from reaching your device.

3. Installing Browser Extensions to Block Mining Scripts

Browser-based cryptojacking is one of the most common methods of attack. Cryptojackers often use malicious mining scripts embedded in web pages or ads to hijack your system’s resources. Installing browser extensions that block these scripts can be a quick and effective way to protect yourself.

Key Actions:

Use Cryptojacking Protection Extensions: Browser extensions such as No Coin or MinerBlock can specifically block mining scripts on websites. These extensions prevent cryptojacking by detecting and blocking scripts that mine cryptocurrency using your device’s processing power.
Ad Blockers: While primarily used to block intrusive ads, ad blockers can also help prevent cryptojacking. Many ad blockers automatically block scripts that attempt to mine cryptocurrencies, preventing the script from running in the background.
Script Blockers: Extensions like uBlock Origin or Privacy Badger can block malicious scripts across websites, including those used for cryptojacking. These tools give you granular control over which scripts to allow, preventing unauthorized mining.

4. Keeping Systems and Software Up to Date

Keeping your operating system, applications, and software up to date is essential for protecting your devices from cryptojacking and other security threats. Software updates often include critical security patches that address vulnerabilities cryptojackers could exploit to gain access to your system.

Key Actions:

Enable Automatic Updates: Most operating systems and applications allow you to enable automatic updates, which ensure that your system stays up to date without requiring manual intervention. This helps protect your system against newly discovered vulnerabilities that could be targeted by cryptojackers.
Update Browser and Plugins: Web browsers are a common entry point for cryptojacking attacks. Ensure that your browser is always updated to the latest version. Similarly, regularly update browser plugins and extensions to prevent compatibility issues and security vulnerabilities.
Apply Security Patches Promptly: When a security patch is released for your operating system or software, apply it as soon as possible. Cybercriminals often take advantage of unpatched vulnerabilities to deploy cryptojacking scripts and other forms of malware.

5. Limiting the Use of Cloud Resources

Cloud-based cryptojacking attacks are a growing concern, especially for businesses with extensive cloud infrastructure. Cryptojackers may exploit cloud resources to mine cryptocurrency, running up your cloud usage costs and putting a strain on your servers.

Key Actions:

Secure Cloud Accounts: Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) for all cloud accounts to prevent unauthorized access. Additionally, regularly audit and monitor your cloud environment to detect any unusual activity.
Configure Cloud Settings Properly: Ensure that your cloud services are configured securely, with minimal access granted to users or services that don’t require it. Limit public access to sensitive cloud resources and ensure your cloud providers have robust security protocols in place.

6. Regularly Monitoring Device and Network Activity

Proactively monitoring the activity of your devices and network can help you detect cryptojacking before it causes significant damage. By keeping an eye on resource consumption and device behavior, you can spot suspicious activity early.

Key Actions:

Monitor CPU and GPU Usage: Use task managers or system monitoring tools to keep track of resource usage. Sudden spikes in CPU or GPU usage can be indicative of cryptojacking.
Check for Unusual Network Traffic: Monitor network activity for signs of abnormal communication with external servers. Cryptojacking scripts often require a connection to a remote server to send mined cryptocurrency or receive commands.
Use Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS): IDS software can detect unusual patterns of activity on your network and alert you to potential cryptojacking attempts.

Advanced Cryptojacking Prevention Strategies

While basic cryptojacking prevention measures can effectively block many attacks, advanced strategies are necessary to stay ahead of increasingly sophisticated cryptojacking methods. These advanced techniques focus on deeper layers of defense, allowing businesses and individuals to better safeguard their systems against this insidious threat. Here are some cutting-edge strategies to prevent cryptojacking attacks:

1. Employing Anti-Mining VPNs

One of the most effective advanced strategies to prevent cryptojacking is using anti-mining VPNs (Virtual Private Networks). These VPNs are specifically designed to block connections from known mining servers and prevent cryptojacking scripts from running in the first place.

Key Actions:

Anti-Mining VPNs: Some VPN providers offer specialized protection against cryptojacking by blocking known cryptocurrency mining pools and mining traffic. These VPNs act as an additional barrier between your device and malicious actors, ensuring that any connection attempts to mining servers are blocked before they can establish communication.
Additional Layer of Protection: Using an anti-mining VPN complements traditional anti-malware software by stopping mining scripts from accessing your device in the first place. It provides an extra layer of security when browsing or when accessing cloud-based resources that could be vulnerable to attack.
Global Server Monitoring: Anti-mining VPN services typically include a database of known malicious IP addresses and mining domains, ensuring that any attempt to connect to these addresses is automatically blocked. This real-time monitoring is a powerful tool for mitigating cryptojacking risks on both personal and business networks.

2. Regular Vulnerability Management and System Audits

Cryptojacking attacks are often successful because attackers exploit vulnerabilities in software, networks, and devices. Regular vulnerability management and thorough system audits are essential for identifying and closing these security gaps before cryptojackers can take advantage of them.

Key Actions:

Vulnerability Scanning Tools: Use automated vulnerability scanning tools to regularly assess your systems for weaknesses. These tools can scan for outdated software, unpatched security flaws, and misconfigurations that could be targeted by cryptojackers.
Patch Management: Develop a regular patch management process to ensure that all operating systems, applications, and hardware are up-to-date with the latest security patches. Cryptojacking often targets unpatched vulnerabilities, and regularly applying updates is one of the most effective ways to prevent these attacks.
Performing System Audits: Conduct frequent system audits to identify unusual or unauthorized changes to system configurations, new user accounts, or potentially compromised components. Auditing also helps ensure that security controls are working as expected and that access to sensitive systems and networks is appropriately restricted.
Third-Party Security Audits: Engage external cybersecurity experts to audit your system for vulnerabilities. Third-party audits can provide fresh perspectives on security risks and ensure that your defenses are strong against emerging threats.

3. Behavioral Analysis Tools to Identify Unusual Patterns

Cryptojacking can often be subtle, with attackers seeking to avoid detection by minimizing the impact on device performance. To counteract this, behavioral analysis tools can be employed to monitor and identify patterns of activity that deviate from the norm.

Key Actions:

Behavioral Monitoring Software: Behavioral analysis tools can monitor system activity for unusual behavior that might indicate cryptojacking. This includes monitoring CPU and GPU usage over time, detecting abnormal network traffic, and tracking unexpected spikes in resource consumption that could suggest unauthorized mining.
Anomaly Detection Systems: These systems can learn the “normal” behavior of a network or device and automatically flag any deviations. For instance, if the system detects that a device is consistently running at high processing power without a legitimate reason, it can alert the user or security team to investigate further.
User Behavior Analytics (UBA): UBA tools can help detect signs of cryptojacking by tracking user actions and identifying suspicious patterns. This is particularly useful in environments where multiple users interact with the same systems or networks, as it can pinpoint accounts that might have been compromised and used to install cryptojacking scripts.
AI-Powered Detection: Some advanced behavioral tools employ artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to analyze vast amounts of data and identify potential cryptojacking activity that would be hard to spot manually. These AI-driven tools continuously learn and adapt, providing even more accurate predictions over time.

4. Multi-Layered Endpoint Protection

While traditional antivirus software provides essential protection, a multi-layered endpoint protection strategy offers a more comprehensive defense against cryptojacking. This strategy involves combining different security solutions to prevent cryptojacking from compromising endpoints like laptops, desktops, mobile devices, and servers.

Key Actions:

Advanced Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR): EDR tools provide real-time monitoring of endpoint activity and can detect advanced threats such as cryptojacking. These tools go beyond basic antivirus protection and allow for deeper inspection of file behavior, network activity, and process behavior to identify potentially malicious actions.
Application Whitelisting: Restricting which applications are allowed to run on endpoints can prevent unauthorized software (including cryptojacking scripts) from executing. By only allowing verified, trusted applications, you can significantly reduce the risk of malicious mining software being installed.
Automated Response to Threats: Some endpoint protection tools can automatically block or contain cryptojacking scripts as soon as they are detected, minimizing the impact on system performance and resources. Automated response systems are particularly useful for businesses that need to mitigate attacks quickly and efficiently.

5. Enhancing Network Segmentation and Zero Trust Security Models

For larger networks, including enterprise environments, cryptojacking prevention can be enhanced by segmenting networks and implementing Zero Trust security models. These strategies limit the spread of attacks and prevent unauthorized access to critical resources.

Key Actions:

Network Segmentation: By dividing networks into smaller, isolated segments, organizations can limit the impact of cryptojacking attacks. If a cryptojacker successfully compromises one segment, the attack cannot easily spread to other parts of the network.
Zero Trust Architecture: Adopting a Zero Trust security model means that every device, user, and request must be verified and authenticated before gaining access to network resources. This minimizes the likelihood of cryptojacking scripts being executed within your network, as attackers cannot freely move laterally without being detected and blocked.

6. Implementing Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)

Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) can proactively block malicious activities by analyzing network traffic in real-time. These systems are designed to detect known attack patterns and halt cryptojacking before it reaches your devices.

Key Actions:

Real-Time Traffic Analysis: IPS tools can monitor network traffic for suspicious patterns and immediately block known cryptojacking traffic or IP addresses associated with mining operations.
Signature-Based Detection: Many IPS solutions can detect the signatures of known cryptojacking scripts, blocking any connection attempts related to cryptocurrency mining.
Behavioral Analysis within IPS: Advanced IPS solutions can also incorporate behavioral analysis, looking for patterns of activity that are indicative of a cryptojacking attack, such as unexpected outbound traffic from a device or server.

Who Are Common Targets of Cryptojacking?

Cryptojacking can affect a wide range of individuals and organizations, and its victims come in many forms. Cryptojackers typically target systems or platforms that provide easy access to high processing power, allowing them to mine cryptocurrencies without drawing attention. The three most common targets of cryptojacking are end-user devices, cloud infrastructure, and websites with high traffic. Here’s a closer look at each of these targets:

1. End-User Devices

End-user devices, such as personal computers, laptops, smartphones, and tablets, are one of the most common targets of cryptojacking. These devices often have high processing power and are regularly connected to the internet, making them an attractive target for cybercriminals seeking to mine cryptocurrency without the user’s knowledge.

Why They’re Targeted:

Large Pool of Potential Victims: End-user devices, especially those with outdated security measures, are abundant and easily accessible through phishing attacks, malicious websites, or compromised software.
Lack of User Awareness: Many users are unaware that cryptojacking scripts can be running on their devices. As a result, their resources are often hijacked without raising immediate red flags.
Continuous Operation: Personal devices are often left running for extended periods, making them ideal for continuous cryptomining. Even if the mining process causes slight degradation in performance, it might not be immediately noticeable to users.

Examples of Targets:

Personal Computers and Laptops: Cryptojackers may infect computers by embedding malicious scripts in emails, software downloads, or compromised websites.
Smartphones and Tablets: Mobile devices, especially those without adequate antivirus protection, can also be hijacked for cryptojacking purposes, often via malicious apps or mobile websites.

2. Cloud Infrastructure and Servers

Cloud infrastructure, including cloud servers and services, is another high-value target for cryptojackers. Large organizations and businesses rely on cloud-based systems for storage, computing, and applications, which makes them prime targets for cybercriminals seeking to exploit cloud computing resources for cryptomining.

Why They’re Targeted:

High-Performance Resources: Cloud infrastructure often comes with vast amounts of computing power, making it an attractive target for cryptojackers who need extensive resources to mine cryptocurrency efficiently.
Lack of Oversight: Cloud environments are sometimes misconfigured or inadequately secured, providing an opening for cryptojackers to gain access.
Scalability and Cost-Efficiency: Cloud platforms offer the ability to scale resources easily, which means that cryptojackers can increase mining power over time, sometimes without noticeable impact on performance until the cloud account is billed for the increased usage.

Examples of Targets:

Public Cloud Services: Companies using services like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud can unknowingly have their resources hijacked for mining purposes.
Private Cloud Servers: Organizations that host private cloud infrastructure may also fall victim to cryptojacking, especially if they lack proper security protocols, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA) or strict access controls.

3. Websites with High Traffic

Websites with high traffic volumes are also common targets for cryptojacking. These sites are often injected with mining scripts, which are then executed when visitors load the page. Cryptojackers exploit the computing power of visitors’ devices to mine cryptocurrencies without the website owner’s knowledge.

Why They’re Targeted:

Large Number of Visitors: High-traffic websites have the potential to infect thousands, if not millions, of devices at once. Cryptojackers can mine cryptocurrencies across a large number of visitors’ machines simultaneously, leading to significant profits.
Increased Chances of Undetected Activity: The mining scripts are typically designed to run quietly in the background, often using only a small fraction of the visitor’s computing resources. This means that most users don’t notice the impact on their devices, allowing the cryptojacker to avoid detection.
Low Cost of Attack: Attacking websites with high traffic through malicious script injection is relatively easy and doesn’t require high levels of skill. Additionally, once the script is injected, it can continue to run as long as the website remains active.

Examples of Targets:

Content-heavy Websites: News sites, blogs, and entertainment platforms with large numbers of visitors can be exploited by cryptojackers. Examples include gaming sites, adult content sites, and viral media platforms.
E-Commerce Platforms: Online shopping websites, especially those with a steady flow of customers, can also be targeted to inject cryptojacking scripts, taking advantage of the site’s regular traffic.

Cybersecurity Insights for Protecting Against Cryptojacking

Cryptojacking is an ever-evolving threat, and as such, the protection against it requires both proactive measures and a keen understanding of the latest trends. Whether you’re an individual user or part of an organization, there are several best practices you can follow to guard against this form of cyberattack. In addition, staying aware of emerging trends in cryptojacking can help you anticipate and defend against potential threats.

Best Practices for Individuals

Use Up-to-Date Antivirus and Anti-Malware Software
- Regularly update your antivirus software to ensure it can detect and block known cryptojacking scripts. Many modern antivirus programs come with specific cryptojacking protection built in.
- Perform regular system scans to identify potential malware or unwanted mining software that might have slipped through the cracks.
Install Browser Extensions to Block Mining Scripts
- Install ad-blockers or anti-mining extensions that prevent mining scripts from executing in your web browser. Extensions such as “No Coin” or “MinerBlock” are designed to block cryptojacking scripts that run silently in the background.
- These extensions can help prevent malicious scripts from running when visiting compromised websites, which is a common entry point for cryptojacking attacks.
Avoid Suspicious Links and Downloads
- Be cautious when clicking on links in unsolicited emails or text messages. Cybercriminals often use phishing attacks to distribute malware that can enable cryptojacking.
- Only download software and files from trusted, verified sources to prevent inadvertently installing cryptojacking malware.
Regularly Update Your Operating System and Software
- Ensure that your operating system and all installed software (including web browsers and applications) are up to date with the latest security patches. Cryptojackers often exploit outdated software to gain access to systems.
- Enable automatic updates wherever possible to reduce the risk of leaving vulnerabilities open to attack.
Monitor Device Performance and Battery Usage
- Keep an eye on your device’s performance, looking out for unexplained slowdowns, overheating, or rapid battery drain—common signs of cryptojacking.
- If you notice unusual behavior, use task manager or activity monitor tools to check CPU and GPU usage and identify any processes that may be using an excessive amount of resources.

Best Practices for Organizations

Implement Endpoint Protection Solutions
- Use advanced endpoint protection tools to detect and block cryptojacking attacks on corporate devices. Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) systems can provide real-time monitoring and alert you to suspicious activity.
- Implement regular scans of all endpoints, especially those connected to cloud systems or high-performance computing environments.
Monitor Cloud Infrastructure and Services
- Cloud servers are often targeted by cryptojackers looking to exploit the computing power of cloud-based resources. Monitor cloud infrastructure for any unusual spikes in resource consumption or unexpected billing charges, which may indicate cryptojacking activity.
- Employ intrusion detection systems (IDS) to monitor for unauthorized access to cloud accounts and identify abnormal usage patterns that may indicate cryptojacking.
Conduct Security Awareness Training for Employees
- Educate employees about the risks of cryptojacking and how to spot potential phishing emails or suspicious links. Human error is often the entry point for cryptojacking, so training staff to recognize these threats can go a long way in preventing successful attacks.
- Create a culture of cybersecurity awareness, encouraging employees to report any potential security incidents or unusual behavior on their devices.
Segment Networks to Minimize the Spread of Attacks
- Network segmentation can help minimize the impact of a cryptojacking attack. If an attacker gains access to one part of the network, segmenting the network prevents the attack from spreading to critical infrastructure.
- Use firewalls and access controls to restrict unnecessary communications between different network segments, ensuring that only trusted devices and users have access to sensitive systems.
Adopt a Zero Trust Security Model
- Implement a Zero Trust approach, where no device or user is trusted by default. Every access request is verified, authenticated, and authorized before granting access to any network resources. This reduces the likelihood that an attacker can successfully exploit vulnerabilities for cryptojacking purposes.

Trends in Cryptojacking and How to Stay Ahead

Increasing Use of Browser-Based Cryptojacking
- Cryptojackers are increasingly using browser-based mining scripts, often embedded in websites or online ads. With the rise of crypto mining as a service, websites with high traffic are frequent targets.
- Stay Ahead: Use browser extensions like “No Coin” and “MinerBlock” to block these mining scripts, and encourage your team to use ad blockers that prevent scripts from running when visiting untrusted websites.
Shift to Cloud Cryptojacking
- As more businesses adopt cloud solutions, cybercriminals are shifting focus to exploiting cloud-based infrastructures. Attacks can go undetected for long periods as the mining process remains hidden within cloud resources, potentially leading to large financial losses.
- Stay Ahead: Regularly audit cloud resources and monitor for abnormal usage patterns. Utilize cloud-based security tools that can help identify malicious mining behavior in your infrastructure.
Rise of Hybrid Attacks Involving Malware and Phishing
- Modern cryptojacking attacks are increasingly combining malware delivery methods with social engineering techniques, such as phishing emails. These hybrid attacks can trick individuals into installing malicious software that hijacks their devices for mining.
- Stay Ahead: Implement robust email filtering systems, train employees on recognizing phishing attempts, and always verify the legitimacy of emails that request software downloads or attachments.
Incorporation of AI and Machine Learning in Cryptojacking Detection
- Cryptojackers are beginning to use machine learning and AI to evade detection by monitoring system behavior and adapting their attacks to avoid detection by traditional antivirus software.
- Stay Ahead: Use advanced security systems with machine learning and behavioral analysis tools to detect anomalies and patterns that might indicate cryptojacking activity. These systems can spot attacks that traditional antivirus programs may miss.
Increased Focus on IoT Devices as Targets
- Cryptojacking isn’t just limited to traditional computers and cloud servers anymore. Internet of Things (IoT) devices, such as smart home devices, routers, and connected cameras, are becoming increasingly popular targets due to their often weak security.
- Stay Ahead: Secure IoT devices by changing default passwords, keeping firmware updated, and segregating IoT devices from critical business networks to prevent cryptojackers from using them to mine cryptocurrencies.

The Future of Cryptojacking: What Lies Ahead

As technology continues to evolve, so do the tactics employed by cybercriminals, and cryptojacking is no exception. The rise of cryptocurrencies and decentralized finance (DeFi) systems presents new opportunities for malicious actors to exploit computing power for illicit profit. As the digital landscape grows more complex, the future of cryptojacking is likely to involve more sophisticated, stealthy, and wide-reaching attacks.

Here are some possibilities for the future of cryptojacking and what we might expect in the years to come:

1. Increased Targeting of IoT Devices

As more devices become interconnected in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem, cryptojackers are likely to shift their focus towards these devices. IoT devices, such as smart thermostats, security cameras, wearables, and even connected appliances, often lack robust security measures and are widely deployed, making them prime targets for mining attacks.

Possibilities:

Wide-scale IoT botnets: Cryptojackers could create massive botnets using millions of compromised IoT devices. These devices often have limited computing power, but when aggregated, they could provide a significant amount of resources for mining operations.
Harder to detect attacks: The mining process on IoT devices would likely be less resource-intensive, making it difficult for users to spot the signs of cryptojacking, such as slow performance or overheating. Attackers could remain undetected for long periods, mining cryptocurrency quietly in the background.

2. More Sophisticated Malware and Phishing Attacks

The combination of cryptojacking with other forms of malware and social engineering is expected to increase. Cryptojackers may increasingly use phishing techniques to deliver malware that specifically targets mining, along with other types of attacks like ransomware, data theft, or information espionage.

Possibilities:

Multi-layered attacks: Cybercriminals might incorporate cryptojacking into more complex malware packages. For example, an attacker might use a phishing email to deliver a Trojan horse that installs a cryptojacking script alongside other malicious payloads, such as ransomware or keyloggers.
Advanced social engineering tactics: Phishing attacks may become more sophisticated and personalized. Cybercriminals could use artificial intelligence (AI) to create highly convincing, targeted phishing messages that convince individuals or businesses to click on links or open attachments that contain mining scripts.

3. Cloud-Based Cryptojacking on the Rise

As cloud computing continues to dominate the IT landscape, cryptojackers will likely target cloud services even more aggressively. By exploiting the resources of cloud infrastructure, cryptojackers can mine cryptocurrency without worrying about the physical limitations of personal devices or servers.

Possibilities:

Exploitation of cloud misconfigurations: Many organizations fail to properly secure their cloud environments, leaving open doors for cryptojackers to take advantage of excess computational resources. With cloud providers offering scalability, cryptojackers could dynamically increase their mining power over time without triggering suspicion.
Targeted attacks on cloud service providers: Cryptojacking could expand to directly target cloud service providers, creating massive botnets or mining operations that use the cloud’s resources to their advantage, bypassing individual enterprise defenses.

4. Integration with Web 3.0 and Decentralized Technologies

With the advent of Web 3.0, blockchain technologies, and decentralized applications (dApps), cryptojacking could evolve to target the infrastructure that underpins these decentralized networks. The widespread adoption of decentralized finance (DeFi) could also open new opportunities for attackers.

Possibilities:

Exploiting blockchain nodes: Cryptojackers may try to infiltrate blockchain networks by targeting validators or mining nodes in decentralized networks. In this scenario, the cryptojacking attack could work to artificially inflate the hash rate or manipulate transactions, benefiting attackers.
DeFi protocol exploitation: DeFi platforms, which rely on smart contracts and decentralized liquidity pools, may become lucrative targets for cryptojackers. Malicious actors could deploy mining scripts within these decentralized protocols or take advantage of liquidity mining processes to siphon off resources.

5. Evolution of Cryptojacking to Avoid Detection

As traditional cryptojacking methods become more widely recognized and mitigated, attackers are likely to innovate further. The goal will be to make cryptojacking even more discreet and harder to detect.

Possibilities:

Polymorphic malware: Future cryptojacking malware could be polymorphic, meaning it changes its code each time it infects a new device or network, making it much harder for antivirus software to detect. It could adapt and hide its presence, blending in with legitimate processes or running only during specific times when the system is idle.
Cryptojacking through mobile apps and gaming: Mobile apps, particularly games, could be used to spread mining scripts that run quietly in the background while the user is playing. Users may unknowingly contribute to mining while engaging in regular mobile activities. As mobile gaming continues to boom, this method could become more common.

6. More Widespread Use of AI to Evade Detection

AI and machine learning (ML) will likely play a major role in both the execution and detection of cryptojacking attacks. While attackers might use AI to improve the efficiency and stealth of their cryptojacking operations, cybersecurity experts will also employ AI-driven tools to detect unusual behavior patterns and cryptojacking activity.

Possibilities:

AI-driven cryptojacking scripts: Cryptojackers could deploy AI-powered scripts that learn and adapt based on the device or system they’re targeting. These scripts could automatically adjust the mining load to avoid triggering high resource usage alerts, making them less noticeable to the user.
Machine learning for detection: On the defensive side, machine learning could be used to monitor network and system activity in real-time, identifying patterns that indicate a cryptojacking attack. For instance, AI-powered tools could analyze CPU usage, network traffic, and user behaviors to detect anomalous cryptojacking activity even before it causes noticeable damage.

7. Potential for Cryptojacking as a Service (CaaS)

As with other forms of cybercrime, cryptojacking could eventually evolve into a “service,” where hackers offer cryptojacking tools and infrastructure to other criminals. This would make it easier for people with less technical expertise to launch their own cryptojacking campaigns.

Possibilities:

Cryptojacking toolkits: Just as ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) has made ransomware attacks more accessible, cryptojacking-as-a-service (CaaS) could allow even low-skilled criminals to rent cryptojacking infrastructure and launch attacks for a fee. This could lead to a surge in cryptojacking incidents, as more attackers can use pre-built kits to mine without having to develop their own techniques.
Subcontracted mining operations: Instead of directly infecting devices, attackers may lease out access to vast mining networks, effectively subcontracting their cryptojacking operations to other malicious actors who pay a commission or share in the profits.

Conclusion

Staying Prepared for the Future of Cryptojacking

The future of cryptojacking will undoubtedly involve more complex, widespread, and stealthy attacks that target a broader range of devices and infrastructure. From IoT devices and cloud-based systems to mobile apps and decentralized networks, cybercriminals are finding new ways to exploit computing power for illicit gain. However, staying ahead of these threats involves continuous vigilance, evolving cybersecurity practices, and staying informed about emerging trends in the threat landscape. By adopting a proactive approach, individuals and organizations can better protect themselves against the future of cryptojacking and other cyber threats.

1. Recap of Cryptojacking

Summary of Definition and Significance:
Cryptojacking refers to the unauthorized use of a device’s computing power to mine cryptocurrency. This increasingly common attack can impact individual users, businesses, and even cloud-based infrastructures. Cryptojacking allows cybercriminals to profit without having to invest in mining hardware, instead exploiting the resources of unsuspecting victims.
Key Methods Used by Attackers:
Attackers deploy cryptojacking scripts through malicious websites, email attachments, malware, and even ads. These methods can silently hijack the processing power of a device, draining battery life, slowing down performance, and driving up energy costs—all while the user is unaware of the ongoing exploitation.

2. Why Awareness is Crucial

Importance of Understanding Cryptojacking:
For both individuals and organizations, understanding cryptojacking is essential to mitigating its impact. Recognizing the signs and methods of attack can help prevent device slowdowns and hidden costs. Knowledge is power when it comes to safeguarding devices and sensitive information from cybercriminals.
Growing Prevalence of Cryptojacking Attacks:
As cryptocurrencies become more mainstream, the prevalence of cryptojacking attacks is likely to rise. Cybercriminals are constantly refining their methods to target unsuspecting users, making awareness a crucial step in combating this threat. More attacks are shifting to cloud services, IoT devices, and decentralized networks, demonstrating the increasing scope of this issue in today’s digital landscape.

3. Steps to Stay Protected

Proactive Measures:
Protection against cryptojacking starts with education. Users should be trained to recognize phishing attempts, avoid suspicious links, and employ safe browsing habits. Installing up-to-date antivirus and anti-malware software will further strengthen defense mechanisms against cryptojacking threats.
Regular Monitoring and Audits:
Regular device and network monitoring is key to early detection of cryptojacking activity. This can include watching for unusual CPU usage, slowdowns, and unexplained spikes in energy consumption. Routine system audits can help uncover hidden threats and prevent them from escalating into significant problems.

4. Call to Action

Encouragement to Implement Prevention Strategies:
By now, readers should be well-equipped with the knowledge and tools needed to defend against cryptojacking. It’s time to implement these strategies—start by ensuring all software is up-to-date, using reliable cybersecurity tools, and educating yourself and your teams about the dangers of cryptojacking.
Consult with Experts and Use Anti-Cryptojacking Tools:
For enhanced protection, consulting cybersecurity experts or using specialized anti-cryptojacking tools could provide an extra layer of security. These tools detect cryptojacking attempts and can even block malicious mining scripts before they cause harm.

5. The Bigger Picture

Reflecting on Evolving Cybersecurity Threats:
Cryptojacking is just one example of the growing range of cyber threats in the digital age. As cybercrime becomes more sophisticated, it’s important for users and organizations to stay vigilant. This highlights the need for continuous adaptation to protect our digital assets and personal data from evolving threats.
Collective Responsibility for Digital Security:
Protecting against cryptojacking isn’t just an individual concern—it’s a shared responsibility. Whether you’re an individual user, a business, or a cybersecurity professional, we all play a part in securing our digital environments. By taking steps to protect devices, networks, and cloud infrastructures, we can collectively reduce the impact of cybercrime on the wider internet ecosystem.

FAQs

1. What Is Cryptojacking?

Answer:
Cryptojacking is the unauthorized use of someone’s computing power to mine cryptocurrency. This is typically done by cybercriminals who secretly install mining software on a victim’s device, such as a computer, smartphone, or server, without their knowledge or consent. The mined cryptocurrency is then sent to the attacker’s wallet, while the victim bears the costs, including decreased performance and increased energy consumption.

2. How Does Cryptojacking Work?

Answer:
Cryptojacking works by exploiting the processing power of a device to mine cryptocurrency. Attackers typically deploy malware through phishing emails, malicious websites, or infected software downloads. Once the malware is on a device, it runs silently in the background, using the device’s CPU or GPU to solve complex mathematical problems required for cryptocurrency mining. The rewards from mining go directly to the attacker.

3. What Types of Devices Can Be Affected by Cryptojacking?

Answer:
Cryptojacking can affect a wide range of devices, including:

Personal computers (desktops and laptops)
Smartphones and tablets
Servers and cloud infrastructure
Internet of Things (IoT) devices It can also target web browsers through malicious mining scripts embedded in websites, allowing even visitors to websites to unknowingly participate in mining.

4. What Are the Signs That My Device Might Be a Victim of Cryptojacking?

Answer:
If your device is being used for cryptojacking, you may notice the following signs:

Decreased performance: Your device runs slower than usual, and tasks like browsing or opening programs take longer to complete.
Overheating and rapid battery drain: The device may become unusually hot, and the battery drains faster.
Increased electricity bills: Cryptojacking uses significant processing power, leading to higher energy consumption and potentially higher utility costs.
System crashes or lags: Your system may freeze or crash more frequently due to excessive resource usage.

5. How Can I Detect Cryptojacking on My Device?

Answer:
To detect cryptojacking, monitor your device for unusual behavior:

Check CPU/GPU usage: Use task manager (Windows) or activity monitor (Mac) to check for excessive CPU/GPU usage when your device is idle.
Look for unusual processes: In some cases, cryptojacking software may appear as hidden or unrecognized processes in your device’s task manager.
Check for mining scripts: In browsers, use extensions like “No Coin” or “MinerBlock” to detect and block mining scripts that may be running on websites.

6. How Do Cryptojackers Target Users?

Answer:
Cryptojackers use various techniques to infect devices:

Malicious websites: They embed cryptomining scripts in websites that run when you visit them.
Phishing emails: Cybercriminals may send emails with attachments or links that, when clicked, install mining malware on your system.
Infected software downloads: Downloading software from untrusted or shady sources can lead to installing cryptojacking malware.
Compromised ads (malvertising): Ads on legitimate websites may serve as a vector for cryptojacking by redirecting users to malicious scripts.

7. How Can I Protect Myself from Cryptojacking?

Answer:
To protect yourself from cryptojacking:

Install cybersecurity software: Use reliable antivirus and anti-malware programs that can detect cryptojacking malware.
Update software regularly: Ensure that your operating system, browser, and software are up to date to patch any security vulnerabilities.
Avoid suspicious links and downloads: Be cautious when clicking on links in emails or downloading files from untrusted sources.
Use browser extensions: Install extensions like “No Coin” or “MinerBlock” to block mining scripts on websites.
Enable ad-blockers: Ad-blocking tools can help prevent malicious ads from infecting your device.

8. Can Cryptojacking Harm My Device?

Answer:
While cryptojacking doesn’t usually cause permanent damage to your device, it can significantly affect its performance. Prolonged use of your CPU or GPU for mining can lead to overheating, hardware wear, and shortened lifespan, especially for devices with limited cooling systems. It can also increase electricity costs and slow down daily operations.

9. Is Cryptojacking Legal?

Answer:
No, cryptojacking is illegal. It involves unauthorized access to computing resources, which violates privacy and cybersecurity laws. Cryptojackers exploit devices without the owners’ consent, making it a form of cybercrime. Those caught engaging in cryptojacking can face criminal charges, including hacking and fraud.

10. Can Cryptojacking Affect Cloud Servers and Web Hosting Services?

Answer:
Yes, cryptojacking can target cloud infrastructure and web hosting services. Attackers may exploit vulnerabilities in cloud environments to mine cryptocurrencies using a company’s servers. Cloud computing platforms with weak security configurations or insufficient monitoring are prime targets for cryptojackers, as they can yield substantial mining power without direct control over the affected machines.

11. Are Cryptojacking and Regular Crypto Mining the Same?

Answer:
No, they are different. Regular crypto mining is the process where miners intentionally use their computing resources to mine cryptocurrency for a reward. In contrast, cryptojacking involves mining without the consent of the device owner, with the goal of taking the mined cryptocurrency without sharing any of the rewards with the victim.

12. Can Cryptojacking Impact My Website?

Answer:
Yes, your website can be compromised and used to mine cryptocurrency if attackers inject mining scripts into it (known as browser-based cryptojacking). When visitors access your site, their devices may unknowingly run the mining scripts, using their resources for the attacker’s benefit. To prevent this, ensure your website is secure, regularly update your software, and use a content security policy (CSP) to block unauthorized scripts.

13. How Does Cryptojacking Affect Businesses?

Answer:
For businesses, cryptojacking can have severe consequences:

Increased energy costs: If cryptojacking malware runs on company devices or servers, it can significantly raise electricity bills.
Decreased productivity: Devices affected by cryptojacking often run slower or crash, leading to lost work hours and decreased productivity.
Hardware damage: Prolonged cryptomining can lead to overheating and potential damage to expensive equipment, such as servers or high-performance computers.
Data security risks: Cryptojacking can be an indicator of a larger security breach, potentially leading to more significant cyberattacks.

14. How Can I Monitor and Prevent Cryptojacking on My Business Servers?

Answer:
To monitor and prevent cryptojacking on your business servers:

Use network monitoring tools: Track unusual network activity, CPU/GPU usage, and resource consumption to detect anomalies.
Install anti-malware solutions: Make sure all endpoints are protected by comprehensive cybersecurity software.
Educate employees: Train your staff to avoid clicking on suspicious emails or links that may deliver cryptojacking malware.
Perform regular audits: Conduct system and security audits to identify any vulnerabilities that could be exploited by cryptojackers.

15. What Are the Consequences for Cryptojacking Victims?

Answer:
Victims of cryptojacking may face:

Performance degradation: Affected devices run slowly, potentially interrupting work or daily use.
Higher costs: Increased electricity bills due to the excessive use of CPU/GPU power and possible server damage.
Security vulnerabilities: Cryptojacking could indicate other security weaknesses, exposing the victim to further attacks.
Loss of control: In the case of cloud or server-based cryptojacking, attackers could use the victim’s infrastructure for their benefit, leading to financial loss.

16. Can Cryptojacking Affect Mobile Devices?

Answer:
Yes, cryptojacking can affect mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets. Although mobile devices don’t typically have the same computing power as desktops or servers, attackers can still exploit them by embedding mining scripts in apps or websites. These scripts may run in the background without the user’s knowledge, draining battery life, slowing performance, and increasing data usage.

17. Can Cryptojacking Affect Cryptocurrency Miners?

Answer:
Cryptojacking can potentially affect cryptocurrency miners by lowering their mining efficiency or disrupting operations. If a miner’s system becomes infected with cryptojacking malware, the malware may use significant computational resources, potentially leading to increased costs (electricity, hardware wear) and reduced profitability. Miners should ensure their systems are well-secured and regularly monitored for unauthorized activities.

18. How Do Cryptojackers Benefit from Cryptojacking?

Answer:
Cryptojackers benefit by secretly using the computing power of others to mine cryptocurrencies, generating profits without the costs associated with purchasing or maintaining mining hardware. The mined cryptocurrency is sent directly to the attacker’s wallet, while the victim bears the costs in terms of energy consumption, performance loss, and hardware wear.

19. Is Cryptojacking More Common Than Traditional Hacking?

Answer:
Cryptojacking has gained popularity in recent years due to the rise in cryptocurrency mining profitability and the ease of execution. While traditional hacking typically involves data theft, fraud, or malware installation, cryptojacking is a less visible form of attack because it uses the victim’s resources without direct damage or theft. However, both types of attacks are prevalent in cybersecurity today, and cryptojacking incidents have increased with the surge in crypto interest.

20. Can I Minimize the Risk of Cryptojacking by Using a VPN?

Answer:
While using a VPN can enhance your overall security and privacy, it is not a foolproof method for preventing cryptojacking. A VPN can help mask your IP address and encrypt your internet traffic, making it harder for cybercriminals to target you directly. However, it won’t protect you from malware or mining scripts already on your device. To prevent cryptojacking, it’s important to combine a VPN with other security measures, such as antivirus software, browser extensions, and cautious online behavior.

21. Can Cryptojacking Be Used in Phishing Attacks?

Answer:
Yes, cryptojacking can be integrated into phishing attacks. For example, a phishing email may trick a user into clicking a link that leads to a website with a cryptomining script. In this case, the cryptojacking malware is delivered via a malicious webpage, exploiting the victim’s device without their knowledge. To avoid this, always be cautious when opening unsolicited emails or clicking on unfamiliar links.

22. Can I Stop Cryptojacking by Using Ad Blockers?

Answer:
Yes, using ad blockers can help prevent browser-based cryptojacking, which typically occurs through malicious ads or scripts embedded in online advertisements. Ad blockers can stop mining scripts from running on websites that contain them. While ad blockers are effective for this type of cryptojacking, they won’t protect against other forms, such as malware-based or file-based cryptojacking.

23. What Are Some Popular Cryptocurrencies Targeted by Cryptojackers?

Answer:
Cryptojackers tend to target the most profitable cryptocurrencies to mine, typically those that are easier to mine with general computing power rather than specialized mining hardware. Commonly targeted cryptocurrencies include:

Monero (XMR): Popular for its privacy features and relative ease of mining using CPU or GPU power.
Ethereum (ETH): Though it’s moving to a Proof-of-Stake model, Ethereum has historically been a target for cryptojacking due to its widespread use and high market value.
Litecoin (LTC): Another cryptocurrency that’s often targeted due to its popularity and mining requirements.

However, cryptojackers may target various cryptocurrencies depending on mining profitability and ease of access.

24. Can I Be Held Responsible for Cryptojacking If I Accidentally Spread It?

Answer:
While it’s unlikely you’d be held criminally responsible for unknowingly spreading cryptojacking malware, you could face reputational damage or potential civil liabilities if the incident causes significant harm. For example, if your website is compromised and spreads cryptojacking scripts to visitors, the website owner may be responsible for addressing the security breach. It’s crucial to implement robust security measures to prevent such incidents and notify any affected parties if an attack occurs.

25. Can I Use Cryptojacking to Mine Cryptocurrency Myself?

Answer:
No, using cryptojacking methods to mine cryptocurrency without consent is illegal and unethical. Cryptojacking involves exploiting others’ computing resources without their knowledge, which constitutes cybercrime. Legitimate mining should involve obtaining permission, using your own resources, and complying with local laws and regulations. Engaging in cryptojacking can lead to criminal charges and serious legal consequences.

26. What Are Some Red Flags Indicating a Website Might Be Using Cryptojacking?

Answer:
Some red flags that a website may be using cryptojacking scripts include:

Sudden performance drops: Your browser may slow down dramatically, or your device may overheat when visiting certain sites.
Increased CPU usage: When browsing, check the task manager for unusually high CPU or GPU usage from your browser.
Unresponsive web pages: Websites that become unresponsive or freeze as soon as you open them could be running cryptomining scripts in the background.

If you suspect a website is using cryptojacking, avoid visiting the site and consider using an ad blocker or anti-mining extension.

27. How Do I Report Cryptojacking Activity?

Answer:
If you believe you’ve been targeted by cryptojacking or notice cryptojacking activity on a website or network, report it to:

Your IT department (for organizations)
Cybersecurity authorities or national law enforcement (in case of serious attacks)
Website administrators (if cryptojacking occurs on a website you own or visit frequently)
Antivirus vendors: Many antivirus companies have mechanisms for reporting malware and cryptojacking incidents, which can help protect others.

Reporting the issue helps improve awareness and security, preventing further attacks.

Answer:
Cryptojacking and ransomware are both forms of cybercrime but operate differently. Cryptojacking involves using a victim’s computing power for mining cryptocurrencies without consent, while ransomware encrypts a victim’s files or locks their system, demanding payment (typically in cryptocurrency) to restore access. Both threats use similar techniques, such as malware and exploiting vulnerabilities, but their end goals are different.

29. How Do Cryptojackers Monetize Their Attacks?

Answer:
Cryptojackers monetize their attacks by using the computational power they hijack to mine cryptocurrencies. The mined coins are sent to the attacker’s wallet. Depending on the scale of the cryptojacking operation (e.g., infecting thousands of devices), cryptojackers can generate significant revenue without bearing the high costs of mining hardware or electricity.

30. Can Cryptojacking Be Used in Online Games or Apps?

Answer:
Yes, cryptojacking can be implemented in online games or apps if they are compromised or designed to include mining scripts. Attackers might use popular game websites or apps to insert cryptojacking malware or mining code. If you notice excessive performance issues or unusual behavior in apps or games, it could indicate the presence of cryptojacking scripts.

What Is Cryptojacking: How To protect Your Device

Table of Contents

Meaning of Cryptojacking

Key Points:

The Goals of Cryptojacking

The primary goal of cryptojacking is to generate profit for the cybercriminals by mining cryptocurrency without having to invest in expensive hardware or energy costs. Here are the main objectives behind this illicit activity:

1. Generate Profit Through Mining

Cryptojackers aim to mine digital currencies using the victim’s computing resources. Since mining requires substantial processing power, hijacking multiple devices allows criminals to accumulate large amounts of cryptocurrency over time without spending on mining equipment.

2. Avoiding the Costs of Mining Hardware

Building and maintaining mining rigs can be costly, especially with the increasing energy consumption required for mining operations. By utilizing other people’s devices, cryptojackers bypass these expenses and can mine more profitably.

3. Stealthy Operations

Cryptojacking is often a more covert way of generating cryptocurrency than more obvious forms of cybercrime. Since it typically runs in the background, many users aren’t aware they are being exploited, allowing the attacker to profit from the hijacked devices over long periods without detection.

4. Resource Exploitation

Cybercriminals may hijack large numbers of devices, such as those in businesses or public networks, to maximize their mining capacity. By leveraging the collective processing power of many devices, they can scale up their mining operation without the need for physical infrastructure.

How Does Cryptojacking Work?

The Process of Cryptomining in Cryptojacking

Techniques Used by Cryptojackers

1. Malware-Infected Downloads

2. JavaScript-Based Mining (Browser Mining)

3. Exploiting Weaknesses in IoT Devices

4. Cryptojacking Through Ad Networks

5. Targeting Public Wi-Fi Networks

6. Exploiting Vulnerabilities in Software

Common Cryptojacking Techniques

1. Cloud Cryptojacking: Exploiting Cloud Infrastructure

How Cloud Cryptojacking Works:

Why It’s a Growing Concern:

2. File-Based Cryptojacking: Malware-Infected Files

How File-Based Cryptojacking Works:

Why It’s Dangerous:

3. Browser-Based Cryptojacking: Mining Scripts on Websites

How Browser-Based Cryptojacking Works:

Why It’s Popular Among Attackers:

Signs You Might Be a Victim of Cryptojacking

1. Decreased Device or Server Performance

2. Overheating Devices and Rapid Battery Drain

3. Increased Electricity Bills

4. System Lags and Crashes

How to Detect Cryptojacking

1. Identifying Unusual CPU and GPU Usage

How to Monitor CPU and GPU Usage:

Signs of Cryptojacking:

2. Monitoring Unexpected Device Behavior

Signs of Unusual Device Behavior:

3. Checking for Suspicious Browser Extensions

How to Check for Suspicious Browser Extensions:

Signs of Malicious Extensions:

Real-World Cryptojacking Examples

1. The 2017 Coinhive Incident: One of the Largest Cryptojacking Attacks

Key Facts:

Lessons Learned:

2. Tesla’s 2018 Cryptojacking Attack

Key Facts:

Lessons Learned:

3. The 2020 Australian Government Health and Medical Research Cryptojacking Attack

Key Facts:

Lessons Learned:

4. The 2021 Reddit Cryptojacking Attack via Third-Party Ad Network

Key Facts:

Lessons Learned:

Conclusion

Why is Cryptojacking a Concern?

1. Security Risks Associated with Cryptojacking

a. Exploitation of Vulnerabilities

b. Malware and Other Payloads

2. Impact on Businesses and Individuals

a. Impact on Businesses

b. Impact on Individuals

3. Overall Economic and Environmental Impact

How to Prevent Cryptojacking

1. Educating Users on Phishing and Suspicious Links

Key Actions:

2. Using Cybersecurity Software and Anti-Malware Tools

Key Actions:

3. Installing Browser Extensions to Block Mining Scripts

Key Actions:

4. Keeping Systems and Software Up to Date

Key Actions:

5. Limiting the Use of Cloud Resources

Key Actions: